Before we start off with the tips, here’s one suggestion, make it a point to follow the double-entry system. The significant advantage of such a system is that, two entries offset and verify each other and any possibility of mistake or fraud is ruled out. Essentially, this system, which was developed by Luca Pacioli is considered to be the perfect system to maintain the books of accounts, due to the two self-verifying entries. Apart from that, it is also not that difficult to execute.
1. Proper Books, Every Day
This is the first and the most important step in the bookkeeping process. Punctually maintaining proper books of accounts is in fact the first step of bookkeeping. It is wise to pass journal entries as soon as the transaction takes place. Now, you can select two types of ‘basis’ for the entries, they can be either cash entries, that is the entry is recorded in the books of accounts as the transaction takes place. In accrual basis, the entry is made before the transaction. When you maintain books of accounts, you can pass entries in the journal and then transfer all the entries to the ledger book, before the closing of the day. To simplify matters, you can maintain 5 more books:
•Cash Book (for cash transactions)
•Creditor-Debtor Book (recording all transactions done on credit or debt basis)
•Purchase Book (entries for purchase)
•Sales Book (entries for sale)
•Bank Book (transactions affecting bank accounts)
These books can be updated regularly, by first filling the journal and then passing the entries in the ledgers and the aforementioned books. Regularity in bookkeeping leads to enlightening accounting and further more, profit.
2. Periodic Balance Sheet
It is wise to prepare a balance sheet at short and regular intervals. One side will contain all liabilities including the current liabilities such as creditors. The second side shall contain all assets as of date and their market value. While preparing such between-the-year balance sheets, make it a point to include all accrual and market values. Such a balance sheet can be prepared at every weekend, after a quarter or after a 6-month period. Fact is, preparation of such a balance sheet always helps you to keep a better track of your financial status and that of the business. [Read the rest of this entry...]